Ways to Stay and Work in Canada: Work Permits and Extensions Explained
Canada has long been a top destination for international workers and students, but the immigration climate is becoming more challenging. Both temporary and permanent resident approvals have slowed, and it is expected that over 1 million temporary resident permits will expire in 2026. Despite these changes, there are still several pathways that allow skilled workers and young professionals to live and work in Canada. Some of the most popular options include IEC work permits, BOWP and OWP extensions, LMIA-based work permits, and the Francophone Mobility Program, though this list is not exhaustive and other pathways may also be available depending on your situation.
1. International Experience Canada (IEC) Work Permits
The International Experience Canada program allows young people from eligible countries to work in Canada temporarily while gaining valuable experience. Applicants are usually between 18 and 35 years old, depending on their home country, and dual citizens may qualify through either nationality.
The program offers three types of work permits: working holiday permits, which provide open work opportunities; young professional permits, which are employer-specific and designed to help gain professional experience; and international co-op permits, which allow students to complete work placements related to their studies.
Repeat participation is possible through recognized organizations, giving applicants additional opportunities to extend their stay and build Canadian work experience.
2. Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP) & Open Work Permit (OWP) Extensions
For those applying for permanent residency in Canada, bridging open work permits and open work permit extensions allow applicants to maintain legal status while continuing to work.
Bridging open work permits are available for candidates in the Express Entry system or other eligible programs, such as provincial nominee programs and caregiver pilot programs. These permits remain valid while the permanent residence application is processed and allow applicants to work for their current employer or switch jobs.
Open work permit extensions are available for spouses of skilled workers or international students and provide the flexibility to work without a specific employer.
3. LMIA-Based Work Permits
LMIA-based work permits are another common way to work temporarily in Canada. These permits require employers to obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment from Employment and Social Development Canada to prove that no Canadian citizen or permanent resident can fill the position. LMIA-based work permits are often used in sectors experiencing labor shortages, such as healthcare, construction, agriculture, and caregiving. Once the LMIA is approved, the foreign worker can apply for an employer-specific work permit to legally work in Canada.
4. Francophone Mobility Work Permit Program
The Francophone Mobility Program is designed to attract French-speaking skilled workers outside Quebec and strengthen Canada’s bilingual workforce. Employers hiring through this program do not need an LMIA. Applicants must be fluent in French at an intermediate level or higher and intend to live and work in one of the nine provinces or three territories outside Quebec. A valid job offer is required in any TEER-classified occupation, except for certain primary agriculture roles. This program provides French-speaking professionals with an efficient pathway to work in Canada without the need for lengthy LMIA processes.
Our biggest recommendation is to plan ahead, even if your current permit is valid for another year or two. Consider whether your goal is to extend your stay or apply for permanent residence. The advantage of having time is that it gives you the flexibility to prepare your application carefully, explore different pathways, and increase your chances of a successful transition to longer-term status in Canada.
About the Author: Lauren Shannan is a Senior Immigration Consultant with 12 years of experience helping foreign nationals navigate their journey in Canada. With her extensive knowledge of immigration processes and policies, Lauren provides valuable insights to those looking to make Canada their new home.
Disclaimer: This blog post is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For personalized advice, please consult with a licensed immigration professional.